Professor Omolade Adunbi joins Juliet and Erik on the podcast to talk about China's free trade zones in Nigeria. Adunbi is the Director of the African Studies Center, Professor of Anthropology and Afroamerican and African Studies, Professor of Law, and Faculty Associate in the Program in the Environment at the University of Michigan. His research explores issues related to governance, infrastructures of extraction, environmental politics and rights, power, violence, culture, transnational institutions, multinational corporations, and the postcolonial state.Recommendations:Omolade:Music of Fela KutiPower, Knowledge, Land: Contested Ontologies of Land and its Governance in Africa by Laura German (2022)Erik:Episode of the Sinica Podcast: Robert Daly of the Kissinger Institute on the morality of U.S. China policyLaufey's music, specifically her new album BewitchedJuliet:Cooperating for the Climate: Learning from International Partnerships in China's Clean Energy Sector by Joanna Lewis (2023)

Juliet, Erik, and guest Tim Ruhlig discuss technical standards, China’s growth in technical industries and its increasing influence in leading and setting standards, and the new geopolitics of technical standardization and interdependence.Tim Ruhlig is a senior fellow at the German Council on Foreign Relations, where he researches Europe-China relations, German-China relations, Hong Kong politics, and Chinese foreign industrial policy, He is the founder of the Digital Power China (DPC) Research Consortium, which brings together European engineers and Chinese scholars to carry out policy-relevant research on the PRC’s growing digital technology footprint and its implications for Europe.Recommendations:Tim: The Emperor’s New Road: China and the Project of the Century, Jonathan Hillman (2020)U.S.-Taiwan Relations: Will China's Challenge Lead to a Crisis? Bonnie Glaser, Ryan Hass, Richard Bush (2023)Film: “To Life” Zhang Yi Mou (1994)Wildland: The Making of America's Fury, Evan Osnos (2021)Erik: "Barbie Heimer"—Barbie (2023) and Oppenheimer (2023) movies on the same day (recommendation is Barbie is the better movie)Juliet:“Even China Isn’t Convinced It Can Replace the U.S.” Jessia Chen Weiss (2023)

Before the shovels hit the dirt, before a developer gets construction permits, before an MOU is signed, there exists a huge process of project feasibility, planning, and pre-approval. That process is incredibly complex and costly, but a new Multilateral Cooperation Center for Development Finance (MCDF) has been established to help. Shuang Liu joins Juliet and Erik on this episode to discuss how this might help kick start and expand the pipeline of more sustainable projects, and her broader goals in working at the World Resources Institute.Shuang Liu is the China Finance Director and Acting Director at the Sustainable Finance Center at the World Resources Institute. She leads the Center's work on China finance and the Belt and Road Initiative, and works with governments, private financial institutions, NGOs, and other partners to enhance the regulatory framework and provide enabling conditions to shift China's investment to sustainable finance. She holds a master's degree in environmental and resource economics from University College London and a bachelor's in economics from Peking University.Her article on the Panda Paw Dragon Claw blog is entitled, "Can a Chinese-led multilateral initiative help unlock more sustainable infrastructure in the Global South?"Recommendations:Shuang:An Odyssey: A Father, a Son, and an Epic by Daniel Mendelsohn (2018)Juliet:Try to bike more in the summer, or pick up any activity that is good for both yourself and the planet!Erik:Outsourcing Repression episode of the Pekingology podcast with Lynette H. Ong and host Jude Blanchette Outsourcing Repression: Everyday State Power in Contemporary China by Lynette H. Ong (2022)

Juliet chats with Laetitia Tran Ngoc about the state of China-Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) relations, the way people in the DRC view China and the U.S., outside interest in critical minerals mining in the DRC, and the domestic situation of the DRC that acts as a destabilizing factor to it all.  Her article in South China Morning Post is here: "Mineral-rich central Africa become focal point in US-China tug of war"Laetitia Tran Ngoc is a freelance journalist and consultant specializing in government communications, with extensive experience in advising diplomatic institutions in their strategic relationship with the European Union.  Her writing focuses on central and east Africa and China-Africa relations. She previously worked as a research officer at the Embassy of Ethiopia in Brussels and at the Taipei Representative Office to the EU and Belgium. She has master’s degrees in International Relations and Chinese Language and Culture from the Free University of Brussels. Recommendations:Laetitia:Sur les ailes du dragon: Voyages entre l'Afrique et la Chine (On the Wings of the Dragon) by Lieve Joris (2014)Juliet:The Conservation Revolution: Radical Ideas for Saving Nature Beyond the Anthropocene by Bram Büscher and Robert Fletcher (2020)Fighting Fire and Fascism in the American West in Dissent Magazine, by Patrick Bigger and Sara Nelson (2023)Thanks as always for excellent editing by Taili Ni!

Alessandro (Ale) Rippa joins Juliet and Erik on the podcast to talk about how he uses China's borderlands as a starting point to understand the Chinese state, global engagements like the Belt and Road Initiative, and Chinese development. They discuss Ale's experiences working in China's border regions in Xinjiang and Yunnan, how borders are zones of connection and disconnection, China's historical support for the Communist Party of Burma, and much more. Alessandro Rippa is associate professor at the University of Oslo's Department of Social Anthropology. His research centers on China's borderlands as lenses for studying infrastructure, global circulations, and the environment. He is PI of a new ERC Starting Grant project entitled, "Amber Worlds: A Geological Anthropology for the Anthropocene". Featured work: "Imagined borderlands: Terrain, technology and trade in the making and managing of the China-Myanmar border." 2022. Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography ."Borderland Infrastructures: Trade, Development, and Control in Western China." Recommendations:Ale:Infrastructure and the Remaking of Asia edited by Max Hirsh and Till Mostowlansky (2023)Keep an eye out for the upcoming special issue of The China Quarterly on Chinese infrastructureErik:Scribd.com for eBooks and audiobooksWordslut: A Feminist Guide to Taking Back the English Language by Amanda Montell (2020)Cultish: The Language of Fanaticism by Amanda Montell (2021)Juliet:Fractured China: How State Transformation is Shaping China's Rise by Lee Jones and Shahar Hameiri (2021)Sinica Podcast: Sinica at the Association for Asian Studies Conference, Boston 2023: Capsule interviews

May Farid and Hui Li drop by the podcast to talk about INGOs, or international non-governmental organizations, and specifically how their relationship with China is shifting as China goes global.  The conversation focuses on their article "International NGOs as intermediaries in China's 'going out' strategy."  May Farid is a political scientist studying civil society, policy and development in contemporary China and beyond. She is a visiting scholar at Stanford University's Center on China's Economy and Institutions and a Lecturer at the University of Hong Kong. She holds a doctorate from the University of Oxford and has worked extensively in the NGO sector in China, as well as a researcher with China's leading policy think tank.Hui Li is an Assistant Professor at the University of Hong Kong. Her research focuses on public and nonprofit management, organization theory, and civic engagement. In collaboration with a team of researchers, she studies NGOs and environmental governance in authoritarian China. In addition, she works closely with colleagues from the Civic Engagement Initiative at USC and studies neighborhood councils and civic engagement in Los Angeles.Recommendations:Hui: Activists beyond Borders: Advocacy Networks in International Politics by Margaret E. Keck and Kathryn Sikkink May:Principled instrumentalism: a theory of transnational NGO behaviour by George E. Mitchell and Hans Peter SchmitzBeyond the Boomerang: From Transnational Advocacy Networks to Transcalar Advocacy in International Politics edited by Christopher L. Pallas and Elizabeth A. Bloodgood Leutert, Wendy, Elizabeth Plantan and Austin Strange. "Puzzling Partnerships: Overseas Infrastructure Development by Chinese State-Owned Enterprises and Humanitarian Organizations". 2022.Erik:Two albums by Lingua IgnotaSinner Get Ready CaligulaRRR film Juliet:Follow Yige Dong, assistant professor of global gender and sexuality studies at the University at BuffaloDong, Yige. The Dilemma of Foxconn Moms: Social Reproduction and the Rise of 'Gig Manufacturing' in China. 2022.

Juliet is joined by friends and fellow researchers Jesse Rodenbiker and Tyler Harlan to discuss their recent experiences at the COP15 of the Conference on Biological Diversity, China's growing environmental leadership, and China's domestic environmental policies and their impact on BRI initiatives and overseas engagements. Jesse starts off the conversation with some background on China's approach to environmental governance - based on his articles "Making Ecology Developmental: China's Environmental Sciences and Green Modernization in Global Context,"  "Green silk roads, partner state development, and environmental governance," and his upcoming book "Ecological States: Politics of Science and Nature in Urbanizing China." Jesse Rodenbiker is an Associate Research Scholar at Princeton University with the Center on Contemporary China and an Assistant Teaching Professor of Geography at Rutgers University. He is also currently a fellow of the American Council of Learned Societies, and a China Fellow at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. He is a human-environment geographer and interdisciplinary social scientist focusing on environmental governance, urbanization, and social inequality in China and globally.Tyler Harlan is an Assistant Professor of Urban and Environmental Studies at Loyola Marymount University. His research focuses on the political economy and uneven socio-environmental impacts of China's green development transformation and the implications of this transformation for other industrializing countries. Juliet Lu is an Assistant Professor at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver in the Department of Forest Resources Management and the School of Public Policy & Global Affairs.  Recommendations:Jesse:Maoism: A Global History by Julia LovellRosewood by Annah Lake Zhu Tyler:Certifying China by Yixian SunChina and the global politics of nature-based solutions in Environmental Science & Policy  (2022) by Jeffrey Qi (former BRI Pod episode!) and Peter DauvergneChina's rising influence on climate governance: Forging a path for the global South in Global Environmental Change (2022) by Jeffrey Qi and Peter DauvergneJuliet:Check out the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) (where Jeffrey Qi incidentally works ;) for interesting analysis on the Convention on Biological Diversity and China. 

Kyle Chan visits the Belt and Road Podcast to talk about state capacity in railway bureaucracies in China and India, his research collected while riding trains through the two countries, the incredibly mundane naming of Chinese companies, and much more. This episode discusses Kyle's research published in two articles:  Inside China's state-owned enterprises: Managed competition through a multi-level structure (2022) and The organizational roots of state capacity: Comparing railway bureaucracies in China and India (2022).Kyle Chan is a PhD student in sociology at Princeton University, where his research focuses on bureaucracy and infrastructure development in China and India. He spent two years doing fieldwork in both countries looking at railway development, including that of China's high-speed rail system.Recommendations:Kyle:The Chinese Mayor (2015 documentary)Powerless (2014 documentary)Erik:Rühlig, Tim. Chinese Influence through technical standardization power (2022).Tár (2022 film)Juliet:High Stakes: China's Leadership in Global Biodiversity Governance by Jesse Rodenbiker in the New Security Beat.Coverage of the Convention on Biological Diversity in China Dialogue

Juliet and Erik are joined by Maria Repnikova to talk about her book, "Chinese soft power," Confucius Institutes, China's love for spectacle, and of course, how all this and more applies to the Belt and Road. What is soft power? How is China doing when it comes to soft power projection around the world? Listen to find out!Maria Repnikova is the Director of the Center for Global Information Studies and an Assistant Professor in Global Communication at Georgia State University. She is a scholar of global communication, with a comparative focus on China and Russia. Her research examines the processes of political resistance and persuasion in illiberal political contexts, drawing on ethnographic research in the field. Dr. Repnikova holds a doctorate from the University of Oxford, where she was a Rhodes Scholar. She speaks fluent Mandarin, Russian and Spanish. Her book, Media Politics in China: Improvising Power under Authoritarianism examines participatory communications channels under an authoritarian regime through the relationship between China's critical journalists and the one-party state in the past decade. Recommendations:Maria:Baykurt, Burcu and Victoria de Grazia (ed.) Soft-Power Internationalism: Competing for Cultural Influence in the 21st-Century Global Order (2021).Erik:Pekingology Podcast from the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) with Jude Blanchette, specifically these two episodes:Terror Capitalism with Darren Byler Localized Bargaining with Xiao MaThe Rehearsal, Nathan Fielder's new docu-comedy series on HBOJuliet:Qi, Jeffrey and Peter Dauvergne. China and the global politics of nature-based solutions. Environmental Science and Policy (2022).*Bonus: The Belt and Road Sing Along Music Video*

Keren Zhu talked with us about her research on the socioeconomic impacts of the Belt and Road, specifically with regard to Kenya's Standard Gauge Railway (SGR). She provides background and analysis on the SGR,  she and Eric discuss their personal experiences riding the railway, and more! Much of the conversation centers around Keren's recent work with co-authors Ben Mwangi and Lynn Hu, published in the article Socioeconomic impact of China's infrastructure-led growth model in Africa: A case study of the Kenyan Standard Gauge Railway (2022). We also draw on her piece, "Addressing the Impact Evaluation Gaps in Belt and Road Initiative Projects in Africa."Keren Zhu is a Global China Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the Boston University Global Development Policy Center. She holds a Ph.D. in Policy Analysis from the Pardee RAND Graduate School, and an M.Sc. in Social Anthropology from the University of Oxford. Her research focuses on the BRI, global infrastructure, international development, and program evaluation. Recommendations:Erik:Chess.comHeathcliff comics by George GatelyKeren:Modernizing America's Electricity Infrastructure by Mason Willrich (2017)Pairing Shakespeare with contemporary issues and authors (Keren's current pairing: Shakespeare's Othello with Born in Blackness by Howard French)Juliet:Try to drive your car less and learn to embrace the pace change that brings you!

Jeffrey Qi discusses China's growing role in high-level, high-stakes global climate governance. We discuss research Jeffrey conducted as a master's student in political science at the University of British Columbia and the resulting article he wrote with his advisor Peter Dauvergne, China's rising influence on climate governance: Forging a path for the global South (2021), which can be found here.Jeffrey Qi is a policy analyst at the International Institute for Sustainable Development's Resilience Program (IISD). Based in Vancouver, he provides research, project management, and communication support with a focus on national adaptation planning (NAP) processes, ecosystem-based adaptation, and multilateral agreements. He works on supporting developing countries’ national adaptation planning processes and the implementation of the Paris Agreement and the UN Convention on Biological Diversity. Recommendations:Jeffrey:China's Environmental Foreign Relations by Heidi Wang-Kaeding (2021)Analysis: Nine key moments that changed China's mind about climate change by Jianqiang Liu from Carbon Brief (2021)Competing narratives of nature-based solutions: Leveraging the power of nature or dangerous distraction? by Marina Stavroula Melanidis and Shannon Hagerman (2022)Erik:If you get the chance to go on a safari, take it!Same goes for the Chinese-built SGR railway in KenyaJuliet:Travelling with Big Brother: A Reporter's Junket in China by Solomon Elusoji (2019)

Erik is joined by Winslow Robertson and Owakhela Kankhwende to discuss their chapter of the book From Trump to Biden and Beyond: Reimagining U.S.-China Relations, entitled "U.S. Strategy Vis-À-Vis China's Presence in the African Continent: Description and Prescription". Winslow Robertson is a PhD student at IESE Business School at the University of Navarra, where he focuses on Chinese provincial SOEs and the Belt and Road. He is also the founder of Cowries and Rice, a Sino-Africa management consultancy.Owakhela Kankhwende is a recent graduate with a MAS in business analytics from Fordham University's Gabelli School of Business. He has been a research analyst at Pivotal Advisors, and is currently a data analyst at Insider.Recommendations:Owakhela:The Wretched of the Earth by Frantz Fanon (1961)UnLearn: 101 Simple Truths for a Better Life by Humble the Poet (2019)Winslow:From Politics to Business: How a state-led fund is investing in Africa? The case of the China-Africa Development Fund by Hangwei Li (2020)The Long Game: China's Grand Strategy to Displace American Order by Rush Doshi (2021)The Dragon Prince series on Netflix (2018-19)Erik:I Want You Back film (2022)Promises album by Floating Points, Pharoah Sanders, and the London Symphony Orchestra (2021)

Juliet and Erik are joined by Agnieszka Joniak-Lüthi and Zarina Urmanbetova of Roadwork Asia to discuss China's road infrastructure projects in Central Asia and their research at Roadwork Asia, including their article on infrastructural connections across the Toghuz-Toro district of central Kyrgystan Welcome and Unwelcome Connections: Travelling Post-Soviet Roads in Kyrgyzstan.Agnieszka Joniak-Lüthi is a professor of social anthropology at the University of Fribourg and head of the ROADWORK project. She focuses on China and the Sino-Central Asian borderlands. Her recent research explores the nexus of transport infrastructure, settler colonialism, and processes of state territorialization in northwest China. She has also expanded her research into infrastructure maintenance and how temporalities of materials, investment, discourses, government agendas, ecosystems, and humans affect the social life of infrastructure in the Sino-Central Asian borderlands.Zarina Urmanbetova is a social anthropologist from Kyrgyzstan. She has worked on projects for UN Women Kyrgyzstan, Urban Initiatives, the Research Institute of Islamic Studies in Bishkek, and the Analytical Center Polis Asia. She holds a BA from the Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University and a MA in social anthropology from Hacettepe University in Turkey. At ROADWORK, she focuses on the social and cultural life of roads in central Kyrgyzstan. Recommendations:Agnieszka Roadsides,  an open-access journal designated to be a forum devoted to exploring the social, cultural, and political life of infrastructureBelt & Road in Global Perspective, a project of the Munk School of Global Affairs & Public Policy at the University of TorontoZarina14 Peaks: Nothing is Impossible documentary on NetflixErikBish Bosch album by Scott WalkerJulietHow Sand Mining Threatens a Way of Life in Southeast Asia. National Geographic. Photos & reporting by Sim Chi Yin, writing by Vince Beiser. March 2018.Satellites Spy on Sand Mining in the Mekong by Alka Tripathy-Lang, Dec 2021. The Messy Business of Sand Mining Explained. Marco Hernandez, Simon Scarr, Katie Daigle. Feb 2021. 

Margaret Myers returns to The Belt and Road Podcast to speak with Erik about the role and development of China's international insurance sector in Latin America and the Caribbean.  The conversation is based on her January 2022 report from The Dialogue entitled Going Out, Guaranteed: Chinese Insurers in Latin America. Margaret Myers is the director of the Asia & Latin America Program at the Inter-American Dialogue. She created the Dialogue's China and Latin America Working Group in 2011, as well as the China-Latin America Finance Database in cooperation with the Global China Initiative at Boston University's Global Development Policy Center. She has previously worked as a Latin America analyst and China analyst for the U.S. Department of Defense.Recommendations:MargaretAlbright, Zara C., Rebecca Ray, Yudong (Nathan) Liu (2022), China-Latin America and the Caribbean Economic Bulletin, 2022 Edition ErikRichard Simmons  'Sweatin' to the Oldies' Workout VideoA special thanks to Taili Ni for editing this episode! 

On this episode, Juliet and Erik speak to Dr. Ammar Malik about AidData’s Global Chinese Development Finance Dataset, Version 2.0.  This dataset provides the most comprehensive data on China’s overseas development finance activities, covering projects over 18 commitment years (2000-2017). They discuss the trends and findings from the dataset, break down China’s overseas loans and the concept of ‘hidden debt’, explore potential future applications of the data, and more. Dr. Ammar Malik is a senior research scientist at AidData, a research lab at William & Mary where he leads the Chinese Development Finance Program. He holds a Ph.D. in Public Policy from George Mason University, an M.A. in Public Affairs from Sciences Po Paris, an M.A. in Public Policy from the National University of Singapore, and a B.Sc. in Economics and Mathematics from the Lahore University of Management Sciences.  Read more of Dr. Malik’s work:Malik, et al. (2021), Banking on the Belt and Road: Insights from a new global dataset of 13,427 Chinese development projects Find Mandarin Chinese versions of the report’s executive summary here and the main report hereMalik, Ammar and Bradley Parks (2021), Hidden debt exposure to China: What is it, where is it, and should we be concerned? RecommendationsAmmarBluhm, et al (2020), Connective Financing: Chinese Infrastructure Projects and the Diffusion of Economic Activity in Developing Countries  ErikMargaret Myers, Going Out Guaranteed: Chinese Insurers and Latin AmericaHow To with John Wilson on HBOJuliet (via Jack Zinda’s recommendation)R, Gabriel and Jeremy Wallace (2022). Political Science, Authoritarianism, and Climate Change: Can the Climate Crisis Undermine Democratic Legitimacy? In response to: Mittiga, Ross (2021). Political Legitimacy, Authoritarianism, and Climate Change. Cambridge University Press.~Thanks to Taili Ni, the newest member of the Belt and Road Podcast team as of March 2022, who edited this episode and wrote the show notes!~

Just across the Xinjiang border, China is investing in a range of sectors. Infrastructure and road construction are booming as in many other places, but cotton investments dominate and are seen as a distinct type. Cotton is considered a strategic crop both to China and Tajikistan and is embedded in a range of elite networks and state power. Cotton Diplomacy is one of many things we cover in this episode, listen in!Read more of Dr. Hofman's work: Chinese Cotton Diplomacy in Tajikistan: Greasing the Ties by Reviving the Cotton EconomyIn the Interstices of Patriarchal Order: Spaces of Female Agency in Chinese-Tajik Labour EncountersTowards a geography of window dressing and benign neglect: The state, donors and elites in Tajikistan's trajectories of post-Soviet agrarian changeRecommendationsIrnaThe People's MapHost an event bringing together all the podcast interviewees!ErikEmbrace home design DIY!Listen to MeatLoaf Bat Outta Hell 2 album especiallyJulietThe Big Payback: The History of the Business of Hip-Hop (2010) The Power and Business of Hip-Hop: A Reading List on an American Art Form. Stories of hi-hop’s genius, influence, struggle, and enduranceOvercoming Challenges to the Research Environment in China, Harvard Fairbank Center with YuenYuen Ang, Liz Perry, Denise Ho and Rob Weller (Summary)This Tik Tok that Erik sent me making fun of podcast hosts that do recommendations at the end lol

On episode 51, Juliet and Erik welcome back Dr. Hong Zhang to discuss the history, interests, corporate structures and agency of International Chinese infrastructure contractors. Discussion is based on Hong Zhang's May 2021 working paper for SAIS-China Africa Research Initiative entitled: Chinese International Contractors in Africa: Structure and Agency.   Hong Zhang is a Postdoctoral Fellow at Johns Hopkins University's SIAS-CARI and a 2021-22 China and the World Program Fellow at Columbia University. She received her PhD in Public Policy from the Schar School of Policy and Government at George Mason University in 2021. She is one of the best thinkers and writers on all things Belt and Road and we were lucky to have her back on the show! Here are this episode's recommendations!Erik:1. Benedetta, dir. Paul Verhoeven2. Encanto, dir. Jared Bush, Byron Howard, and Charise Castro Smith (+ the Pixar short that plays at the beginning!)Hong Zhang:1. "Archaeologies of the Belt and Road Initiative," Made in China Journal2. James Reilly, Orchestration: China's Economic Statecraft Across Asia and Europe, Oxford University Press3. Lina Benabdallah, Shaping the Future of Power: Knowledge Production and Network-Building in China-Africa  Relations, University of Michigan PressJuliet:1. 狗熊有话说 Bear Talk podcast2. Sustainable Asia  podcast

Juliet and Erik celebrate their 50th episode by discussing their first co-authored article "Beyond Competition: Why the BRI and the B3W Can’t and Shouldn’t Be Considered Rivals" (Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung)On June 12, 2021, US President Biden along with the leaders of the Group of Seven (G7) launched their own “positive alternative” to the BRI - the Build Back Better for the World (B3W) multilateral infrastructure investment initiative.  Juliet and Erik make the case that framing the two initiatives as competing alternatives is deceptive as on one hand, they are not comparable in many important ways, and that they each face the same challenges that all infrastructure initiatives face, regardless of the implementing country(ies). Importantly, they also see that the focus on US-China competition distracts from the important role of host countries in directing how infrastructure investments unfold on the ground and that the focus on the geopolitics surrounding the two initiatives misrepresents their stakes for local communities and environments that are to be affected by these projects, the workers that will build them, and the people they will connect.Recommendations: Erik1. I think you should leave with Tim Robinson 2. Party like it's 2003! Put away any screen that is connected to the internet and enjoy your evenings with friends in family in an analog world Juliet 1.  Last week tonight with John Oliver's analysis of the current state of Taiwan 

On this episode Erik speaks with returning guest Dr. Alvin Camba about his latest research paper "How Chinese firms approach investment risk: strong leaders, cancellation, and pushback" (link to paper)This groundbreaking research uses hundreds of in-depth interviews with top officials from China, Chinese SOEs, state-owned banks as well as Philippine and Indonesian political and economic elite to get a glimpse at how Chinese firms view the strength of a foreign leader, how that affects their investment decisions and how miscalculating strength can lead to undesirable outcomes for Chinese investors and/or State.Alvin Camba is an assistant professor at the Josef Korbel School of International Studies at the University of Denver. He received his PhD in Sociology from Johns Hopkins University and is also a non-resident fellow at the Climate Policy Lab at the Fletcher School at Tufts University. Recommendations Alvin: 1. How Duterte Strong-Armed Chinese Dam-builders but weakened Philippine Institutions2. How China Lends: A Rare look into 100 debt contracts with foreign governments.  Anna Gelpern, Sebastian Horn, Scott Morris, Brad Parks, Christopher Trebesch at AIDDATAErik:1. Get a treadmill desk! 2. The nihilistic electronic noise music of Pharmakon - specifically recommending the song No Natural Order  

On the episode, Juliet and Erik speak with Senior Fellow and Director of the   Reconnecting Asia Project at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, Jonathan E. Hillman. Jon discusses the BRI in a historical context and talks about the way he's seen the BRI shift since its inception in 2013. The interview is based on Jon's 2020 book The Emperor's New Road: China and the Project of the Century (Yale University Press -- Juliet's review of the book)Recommendations:Juliet: 1) Feature on the main takeaways of the 2020 China census, South China Morning Post2) Sophia Yan at the Telegraph: Xinjiang reporting, Hong Kong SilencedErik:1) China's Population Conundrum, Sinica podcast2) an enthusiastic plea to come to North DakotaJon:1) Reconnecting Asia, CSIS2) A Swim in a Pond in the Rain, George Saunders, 2021

On this episode, Juliet talks with Dr. Kristen Hopewell, the Canada Research Chair in Global Policy in the School of Public Policy and Global Affairs at the University of British Columbia. Also a Wilson China Fellow, Kristen's work sheds light on how international governing bodies like the WTO and OECD can influence and be influenced by growing Chinese agricultural trade, subsidies, and export credit, combined with the increasing exercise of power by emerging powers coming to the international forefront. Who wins and who loses?Today's interview is based on: 1) Clash of Powers: US-China Rivalry in Global Trade Governance, Cambridge University Press, 20202) Breaking the WTO: How Emerging Powers Disrupted the Neoliberal Project, Stanford University Press, 20163) What is 'Made in China 2025' – and why is it a threat to Trump's trade goals?, Washington Post, 2018Check out our recommendations!Kristen: Essays of the Rise of China and its Implications, Wilson CenterJuliet: Food in China's international relations, D. Zha and H. Zhang, 2013~Special thanks to Maggie Gaus, who joined the Belt and Road Pod team in Dec 2020 and edited this episode~

On this episode Juliet and Erik speak with Dr. Julie Klinger about her research that smartly connects the seemingly disparate topics of geological surveying, Chinese domestic environmental and social movements, international infrastructure investments and China-Africa space cooperation. It's a fascinating discussion that you certainly don't want to miss!  Our interview is based on: 1) Julie's amazing book, Rare Earth Frontiers2) "Environment, development, and security politics in the production of Belt and Road spaces" and 3) "China, Africa, and the Rest: recent trends in space science, technology, and satellite development."Julie Klinger is an Assistant Professor in the University of Delaware’s Department of Geography & Spatial Sciences. She is associate director of the Minerals, Materials, and Society Program at U Delaware and co-facilitates the Embodiment Lab. Here are this week's recommendations!Juliet:1) Hunger Games film, 2012 (significance of the three-finger salute)2) Timothy McLaughlin's Atlantic articles discussing MyanmarErik:1) Pekingology podcast, CSIS2) Punisher, Phoebe Bridgers (especially the song aptly named Chinese Satellite), 2020Julie:1) Alie Ward's Ologies Podcast2) The Disordered Cosmos: A Journey Into Dark Matter, Spacetime, and Dreams Deferred, Chanda Prescod-Weinstein, 20213) Intimate Geopolitics: Love, Territory, and the Future on India's Northern Threshold, Sara Smith, 2020~Special thanks to Maggie Gaus, who joined the Belt and Road Pod team in Dec 2020 and edited this episode~

A  new approach to mapping the Belt and Road Initiative has arrived! The People's Map of China combines a broad, global representation of Chinese investments across a map of where they occur across the world with deep dive research into specific projects and their social and environmental implications. Designed by a coalition of nongovernmental organizations, journalists, trade unions, academics, and public contributors, the People's Map aims not only to improve understandings of global China but also to serve as a tool for advocacy for  stakeholders affected by Chinese projects. Erik & Juliet speak with Mark Grimsditch, Stella HongZhang, and Ivan Franceschini - three of the creators - about its recent launch, the design and creation, and the intended uses of the People's Map. Access the People's Map HereAnd see our recommendations: Ivan: "Chinese workers allege forced labor, abuses in Xi's 'Belt and Road' program." Lili Kuo & Alicia Chen. Washington Post. Erik: "Sound of Metal" filmJuliet: 1) HongZhang's article in Panda Paw Dragon Claw, "China's manifesto for leadership in global development"2) Webinar: TNI’s Agrarian Conversations Series, “Global Food Regimes and China”3) Webinar: The BU Global Development Policy Center’s latest webinar with Jake Werner, “The Sources of China’s Vision for Global Economic Governance“Mark: Get off Twitter once in awhile, and watch Star Trek: The Next Generation ~Special thanks to Jada Kissi, who joined the Belt and Road Pod team in Dec 2020 and edited this episode~

In this episode, Erik is joined by Terrence Neal and Dr. Elizabeth Losos to discuss their recent report that uses Ghana's $2bn bauxite-for-infrastructure deal with Sinohydro as a case study to look into the environmental implications of BRI resource-financed infrastructure agreements. Read the full report here: "The Environmental Implications of China-Africa Resource-Finance Infrastructure Agreements: Lessons Learned from Ghana's Sinohydro Agreement" About the authors: Terrence Neal is a natural resource governance researcher and current U.S. District court judicial law clerk. Terrence received his J.D. from Harvard Law School in 2019, and his Bachelor’s Degree in Public Policy from Duke University in 2015. His research focuses on international human rights law, international economic law, and natural resources governance. Dr. Elizabeth Losos is a Senior Fellow at Duke University's Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions. Guest recommendations:Elizabeth:1) China’s Belt and Road: Implications for the United States, Council on Foreign Relations, March 2021.Terrence:1) Go outside and ride a bike!Erik:1) Twenty Years of Data on China’s Africa Lending, Kevin Acker and Deborah Brautigam, March 2021.2) How China Lends: A Rare Look into 100 Debt Contracts with Foreign Governments, Anna Gelpern et al., March 2021.~Special thanks to Maggie Gaus, who joined the Belt and Road Pod team in Dec 2020 and edited this episode~

 Juliet and Erik talk with research assistant professor at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology - Kelly Chen about her latest publication on the effects of Chinese infrastructure aid in Laos: hidden labor struggles, subcontracting, equity, and how it all came to a head with the Trans-Laos Railway project. Kelly dives into Chinese international lending, economic geographies, and narratives about creditworthiness and power through this case study.Read Kelly's work here:Sovereign Debt in the Making: Financial Entanglements and Labor Politics along the Belt and Road in LaosAnd here's an article by Kelly and Juliet for Panda Paw Dragon Claw:From Pioneers to Brokers: How a diverse Chinese diaspora facilitates the Belt and Road in LaosAnd check out our recommendations!Erik:1) Double recommendation for Sovereign Debt in the Making: Financial Entanglements and Labor Politics along the Belt and Road in Laos2) Zojirushi rice cookers!Kelly:1) Biao Xiang: China's Global Migration in the New Millenium2) Virtual Engagements on Global China Speaker SeriesJuliet:1) Maria Repnikova: No, The Chaos in America is Not a Gift to China and Russia~Special thanks to Maggie Gaus, who joined the Belt and Road Pod team in Dec 2020 and edited this episode~

On this episode, Juliet and Erik talk with Margaret Myers about the growing importance of Sub-national actors in China's geo-economic engagement in Latin America and the Caribbean. Read the entire report "Going Local: An Assessment of China's Administrative-Level Activity in Latin America and the Caribbean" hereMargaret Myers is the director of the Asia & Latin America Program at the Inter-American Dialogue. Recommendations:Margaret:  - Yellowstone, Infrastructure Finance: The Business of Infrastructure for a Sustainable Future by Neil GriggJuliet: - The Yongle Emperor @Imperial_Yongle and similarly the Chongzhen Emperor@ChongzhenEmp - satirical China twitter accounts-We, too: contending with the sexual politics of fieldwork in China - article inGender, Place & Culture by Mindi Schneider, Elizabeth Lord & Jessica WilczakErik: - The Paw Tracker Newsletter- The Mandalorian~Special thanks to Maggie Gaus, who joined the Belt and Road Pod team in Dec 2020 and edited this episode~

China is not the only player in the infrastructure investment game. So how does China's rising engagement under the Belt and Road intersect with investments of other countries? Jessica Liao shares multiple examples in which China's engagement in infrastructure investments, as well as in other areas of export investment management (e.g. export credit agencies), provoke competition with and sometimes the weakening of standards among other investor countries. Read the following articles by Jessica: 1) Panda Paw article "Easy Money and Political Opportunism: How China and Japan's High-Speed Rail Competition in Indonesia drives financially risky projects" 2) "Geoeconomics, easy money, and political opportunism: the Perils under China and Japan's high-Speed rail competition." (2020) by Jessica Liao & Saori Katada. Contemporary Politics3) "The Club-based Climate Regime and OECD Negotiations on Restricting Coal-fired Power Export Finance" (2020) by Jessica Liao. Global Policy. And check out our recommendations:Jessica: China Goes Green: Coercive Environmentalism for a Troubled Planet by Yifei Li and Judith ShapiroJuliet: Adam Smith in Beijing by Giovanni ArrighiErik: Hugh Hewitt's interview "The EXIM Bank: Now more than ever - Chairman Kimberly Reed makes the case to Hugh Hewitt"~Special thanks to Maggie Gaus, who joined the Belt and Road Pod team in Dec 2020 and edited this episode~

Countries along the Belt and Road face major strategic technical and political questions when considering Chinese assistance in the telecommunications field. In this episode, Dr. DingFei discusses two articles on Chinese telecoms investments in Ethiopia. Through the lenses of Ethiopian state-Chinese company negotiations as well as employment practices, she explains how Ethiopian actors have corralled Chinese company interests to better serve their priorities and put bounds on their dominance of the Ethiopian telecommunications system by introducing inter-firm competition. See Dr. DingFei's relevant publications here: 1) Chinese Telecommunications Companies in Ethiopia: The Influences of Host Government Intervention and Inter-firm Competition. (2020) The China Quarterly 2) Employee Management Strategies of Chinese Telecommunications Companies in Ethiopia: Half-way Localization and Internationalization. (2020) Journal of Contemporary China Check out our recommendations!Ding1) Africa's Shadow Rise: China and the Mirage of African Economic Development, Pádraig Carmody, Peter Kragelund, and Ricardo Reboredo, September 2020Erik1) Going Local: An Assessment of China’s Administrative-Level Activity in Latin America and the Caribbean, Margaret Myers, December 20202) How To with John Wilson, HBOJuliet1) Media Politics in China: Improvising Power Under Authoritarianism, Maria Repnikova, June 2017~Special thanks to Maggie Gaus, who joined the Belt and Road Pod team in Dec 2020 and edited this episode~

Who makes decisions about project approval, design, and the pursuit of sustainability - in China, in recipient countries, and beyond? A recent report entitled, 'Belt and Road Decision-making in China and Recipient Countries: How and To What Extent Does Sustainability Matter?' breaks this question down artfully to trace the interests and institutional structures shaping BRI projects. Listen to our interview with two of the three the authors, Thomas Hale (Associate Professor of Global Public Policy at the Blavatnik School of Government, University of Oxford) and Johannes Urpelainen (Prince Sultan bin Abdulaziz Professor of Energy, Resources and Environment at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies and founding director of ISEP) and check out our recommendations!Erik1) Ys, Joanna NewsomJohannes1) De-carbonizing the Belt and Road, Climateworks Foundation, September 20192) The Emperor's New Road: China and the Project of the Century, Jonathan Hillman3) The Initiative for Sustainable Energy Policy at Johns Hopkins SAISTom1) Ministry for the Future, Kim Stanley RobinsonJuliet1) On China's New Silk Road, Mary Kay Magistad~Special thanks to Maggie Gaus, who has joined the Belt and Road Pod team and edited this episode~

The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region is vitally important to China, particularly as a source of oil but also increasingly as a staging ground for China's forays into global politics. Lucille Greer (@Lucille_Greer_), an expert on China-MENA relations, sheds light on a range of topics from the role of Xinjiang in China's Islamic world relations to the 'strategic alliance' between China and Iran. Lucille has written extensively on the topic, see for example, - "Last Among Equals: The China-Iran Partnership in a Regional Context,"- "Solidarity and Strain: China and the Middle East During COVID-19," - "The Chinese Islamic Association in the Arab World: the Use of Islamic Soft Power in Promoting Silence on Xinjiang," - "The Chinese Piece in Iran's War Games," and - "China's Bet on Assad: The Lucrative and Risky Business of Postwar Reconstruction."And check out our recommendations!Erik1) China Africa Project Podcast, Mark Bohlund "China, Bondholders, and the Worsening African Debt Crisis"2) The Joys of Cordless VaccuumsLucille1) Experts in related fields: Mohammed Turki Al-Sudairi (@MohammedSudairi), Wu BingBing (Peking U. Institute of Arab-Islamic Culture),  Wang Suolao (Peking U. Center for Middle East Studies), Ariane Tabatabai (@ArianeTabatabai), Jonathan Fulton (@jonathanfulton), John Calabrese (American U. Middle East-Asia Project)2) All About China - Middle East Institute3) Bourse & Bazaar - an online hub for news, insights, research, and events on Iran4) CGTN Arabic music video on COVID-19 referenced during our interview Juliet 1) Bear Talk: Mandarin language podcast on a weird mix of technology insights, book reviews, and personal improvement tips - a good way for intermediate and advanced Mandarin speakers to get some listening practice in (and tune out of current events and politics)2) Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America, a new podcast by KQED on California's housing crisis.

China is a leader in global power generation - both through fossil fuel and clean energy technologies. Chinese capital has been involved in establishing at least 777 power plants across the world, providing 186.5 GW of power generation capacity. To track China's impact on global power generation, Boston University's Global China Initiative is launching "China's Global Power Database" which Erik & Juliet discuss with BU's Cecilia Han Springer and Ma Xinyue. This database tracks all the world's power plants financed by Chinese foreign direct investment and/or China's two global policy banks, the China Development Bank and the Export-Import Bank of China. The database is extensive, gets all the way down to plant level details, and is completely open source and publicly available. Check out the China's Global Power Database for yourself: http://www.bu.edu/cgp/And check out our recommendations: Erik1) Follow @ChinaCamMonitor for good updates on China in Cambodia2) Fiona Apple's new album Fetch the Bolt Cutters3) Americans: VOTE!Ma Xinyue1) Listen to the Korean band: BTSCecilia Han Springer: 1) The Political Economy of the Chinese Coal Industry: Black Gold and Blood-Stained Coal by Tim Wright AND 2) FAIR BRI Dataset is forthcoming by the Global China Initiative, will cover the intersections between  (see updates at bu.edu/gdp, subscribe  to their newsletter, or follow on twitter @GDPC_BU)Juliet: 1) Listen to BU Global China Initiative's weekly seminars on Wednesdays 2) Black China Caucus (@BLKChinaCaucus): a collaborative effort that strives to enhance the presences and participation of Black experts specializing in any aspect aiding in the comprehensive understanding of China. The mission of the BCC is accomplished by the active promotion of Black China specialists as well as the creation of targeted resources aimed at enhancing the professional development and advancement of Black practitioners in the China space.

Labor is a lightning rod for judgments of the benefits of the Belt and Road: Will Chinese projects generate work opportunities for the host country? Do Chinese employers follow different labor standards than others? When and how do workers speak out against poor labor conditions?Ivan Franceschini brings a few new angles to the labor question. He knows the domestic labor situation in China well, and draws connections between the domestic context and what is happening in Cambodia today. In his Cambodia research, he looks not only at Cambodian workers but also Chinese workers in the country, and finds more similarities between their precarity than often understood. Read a few of his new articles, "As far apart as earth and sky," "Outsourcing Exploitation," and "At the Roots of Labour Activism."And check out our recommendations: Ivan: 1) Briefing Paper: Reassessing China's Investment Footprint in Cambodia by Mark Grimsditch, Inclusive Development International Juliet: 1) Afterlives of Chinese Communism (ed. Ivan Franceschini, Nicholas Loubere, Christian Sorace)2) Dreamwork China (Documentary) 3) Boramey: Ghosts in the Factory (Documentary - coming soon!)Erik: 1) Belt and Road Decision-Making in China and Recipient Countries: How and To What Extent Does Sustainability Matter? by Thomas hale, Chuyu Liu, Johannes Urpelainen2) Michael Clayton (film) :)

Prof. Dr. Lina Benabdallah discusses her latest book, "Shaping the Future of Power: Knowledge production and network-building in China-Africa Relations." Lina looks at China's rise and the Belt and Road beyond the hardware investments - the major infrastructure projects which have been most emphasized. She compares three major types of professionalization interventions: military and security cooperation, media and journalist training, and educational exchanges such as those done through Confucius Institutes. She suggests that these person-to-person engagements in Africa have far reaching impacts and constitute an important angle on Chinese global engagements often less understood and studied. RecommendationsLina: The Continent - a weekly newspaper compiling the best reporting across Africa, produced by the Mail & the Guardian. Erik: Africa is a Country - covering opinion, analysis, and new writing on AfricaJuliet: On the topic of soft power, I recommend two very nationalistic Chinese blockbusters that portray Chinese development cooperation and aid missions - one in Africa called "Wolf Warrior II" (kickass trailer, random analysis) and one in the Mekong Region (less about aid more just cops, fighting, and explosions but based on real events) called "Operation Mekong" (trailer). Lina affirms that she shows Wolf Warrior in her classes :)

In this episode, Dr. Tyler Harlan breaks down the discourses vs. reality of the green turn in the Belt and Road Initiative since Xi Jinping announced it in 2017. He describes the state of knowledge and realities of implementation of the three main aspects of the 'Green Belt and Road': green finance, green energy, and green development cooperation. He also reflects on his research on rural development within China and on China's renewable energy investments across the Mekong Region to shed light on specific cases explored. Check out his article, entitled "Green development or greenwashing? A political ecology perspective on China’s green Belt and Road" here or get in touch via twitter (@beltandroadpod) for help accessing a copy! Recommendations: Tyler1) The puzzle of China’s missing solar and wind finance along the Belt and Road Parts 1 & 2 (Panda Paw Dragon Claw, Ma Tianjie)2) Reports on how hydropower could be reduced/changed/replaced with investment in solar and wind: Brain Eyler on Chinese Solar Diplomacy in China Dialogue and Jeff Opperman of WWF on hydropower on free flowing riversErik1) Shaping the Future of Power: Knowledge Production and Network-Building in China-Africa Relations (latest book by Lina Benabdallah) 2) Killing Eve - Phoebe Waller-BridgeJuliet 1) Forgotten Kingdom: Nine Years in Yunnan 1939-48 (by Peter Goulyar)

In this episode, Juliet and Erik sit down with Dr. Xu Liang from Peking University's School of International Studies to talk about his latest research that chronicles historical and modern-day ethnic Chinese garment production in Newcastle, South Africa. Dr. Xu Liang's latest article "Factory, family and industrial frontier: A Socioeconomic study of Chinese clothing firms in Newcastle, South Africa" can be found here. (link) 

After a year of record breaking drought, the Mekong River water has level reached a historical low. Continued water stress, which is likely due to climate change, will permanently change the ecology of the region and water stress is already impacting the lives and livelihoods of millions of people across the region dependent upon the river. Proponents of hydrological dam development along the Mekong, which is primarily done by Chinese developers both in China and in downstream countries (Laos, Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam), have emphasized the potential for dams to regulate water flow. But recent conditions have raised questions as to whether dams have exacerbated current water stress and how dams could be differently managed to relieve drought conditions. They also have galvanized calls for stronger mechanisms for transnational information sharing and governance - China currently considers water management data a state secret and does not consult downstream countries about the management of its domestic dams. Brian Eyler of the Stimson Center and Alan Basist of Eyes on Earth discuss with Erik Myxter-Iino the growing upstream/downstream river governance issues that have arisen as a result and the future environmental, socioeconomic, and political challenges raised. Read related articles: 1. How China Turned off the Tap on the Mekong River (Brian Eyler, Stimson Center)2. Science Shows Chinese Dams are Devastating the Mekong (Brian Eyler, Foreign Policy)3. Understanding the Mekong's Hydrological Conditions (Alan Basist & Claude Williams, Mekong River Commission)Recommendations BrianIn the Dragon's Shadow: Southeast Asia in the Chinese Century by Sebastian StrangioErikCapital & Ideology by Thomas Piketty

On this episode, Erik speaks with Dr. Xiao Han on her latest work co-authored by Michael Webber - “From Chinese dam building in Africa to the Belt and Road Initiative: Assembling infrastructure projects and their linkages" that was published in the 77th volume of the journal of Political Geography.Dr. Xiao Han is a postdoctoral research fellow at University of Melboure’s Centre for Contemporary Chinese Studies. Recommendations: Dr. Xiao Han: 1. Cooking - COVID has all of us anxious, finding time to cook and bake goods is relaxing Erik: 1. The Code of Capital How the law creates wealth and inequality by Katharina Pistor 2. A paper subscription to the NYTimes 

On this episode, Erik and Juliet speak with Dr. Galen Murton - Assistant Professor at the School of Integrated Sciences at James Madison University - about how China is establishing infrastructure across one of the most unforgiving landscapes in the world. Along the border between Nepal and Tibet, transport and energy infrastructure development are transforming lives and forging a new paradigm of geopolitical engagement between China and its South Asian neighbors. 1) “Trans-Himalayan Power Corridors: Infrastructural Politics and China’s Belt and Road Initiative in Nepal."2) “Facing the Fence: The Production and Performance of a Himalayan Border in Global Contexts.” Recommendations: Galen - Anything written about Nepal by Sam Cowan and Broughton Coburn Juliet - Asymmetrical Neighbors: Borderland State Building between China and Southeast Asia by Enze Han Erik - Wilmington's Lie: The Murderous Coup of 1898 and the Rise of White Supremacy by David Zucchino 

In the rapidly evolving context of a world impacted by the novel corona virus, Johan van de Ven discusses travel bans, material aid and donations, and border restrictions between China and Belt and Road Initiative partner countries. He focuses particularly on incidents of anti-Chinese discrimination in Moscow, material assistance to China given by countries from Thailand to Turkey, and stalls in Chinese infrastructural projects abroad. Check out Johan's articles in the Jamestown Foundation's China Brief: - Fair Weather Friends: The Impact of the Coronavirus on the Strategic Partnership between Russia and China?- Limited Payoffs: What have BRI Investments Delivered for China Amid the Coronavirus Outbreak?Recommendations: Johan: Panda Paw Dragon Claw's recent article, "Railpolitik: the strengths and pitfalls of Chinese-financed African Railways", Chinese Storytellers Newsletter, and for de-stressing: Parks and Recreation Juliet: Naomi Klein’s Coronavirus Capitalism video Erik: Whistleblower: My journey to Silicon Valley and Justice at Uber by Susan Fowler, Know My Name: A Memoir by Chanel Miller, and for de-stressing: Curb Your Enthusiasm's latest season

Oyuna Baldakova, a PhD Candidate at the Free University of Berlin, shares her research on Chinese investment and Belt and Road developments in Russia (Lake Baikal, Siberia) and Central Asia. She explores how conflicting interests among local elites and domestic political leaders have fueled anti-Chinese sentiments and protests against BRI projects, as well as the implications of China's involvement in Central Asia for European diplomacy in the region. Our discussion is based on her two articles on the MERICS Blog: - Protests along the BRI: China's prestige project meets growing resistance - China's Central Asian connection Recommendations: Oyuna: - China's Western Horizon by Daniel Markey- Song of the Tree (Film)Erik: - Inclusive Development International's tools for navigating engagement with the AIIB - Portrait of a Lady on Fire (Film)Juliet: - Social Contagion: Microbiological Class War in China on the Chuangcn.org blog 

Prof. Dr. Linda Tjia explains the costs and benefits, the links and disconnects, and the domestic and global implications of the China-Europe Freight Train Initiative which connects multiple areas of Western China through Central Asia all the way to Europe. Having worked in the railway sector before her academic career, Linda walks Erik and Juliet through Chongqing business dealings with HP, trade imbalances and "empty return trains" between China and Europe, and the logistical and political challenges of navigating new rail paths through Central Asia. Our conversation is based on Prof. Tjia's recently published article, "The Unintended and Undesirable Consequences of the Politicization of the Belt and Road's China-Europe Freight Train Initiative"RecommendationsJuliet Great Games, Local Rules: The New Great Power Contest in Central Asia by Alexander Cooley ErikChina Renews its "Belt and Road" Push for Global Sway by Keith Bradsherand Douban.com (the Chinese social networking service website that allows registered users to record information and create content related to film, books, music, recent events, and activities in Chinese cities.) which I've been enjoying recently!LindaAsymmetry and International Relationships by Dr. Brently Womack 

Juliet discusses the book "Last Days of the Mighty Mekong" with author Brian Eyler, Senior Fellow and Director of The Stimson Center’s Southeast Asia Program. Brian shares insights into the development politics of China's (and other countries') hydropower dam construction, the environmental impacts of dams, and the resulting shifts in the day-to-day reality of lives of communities living in along the river. His book is based on over a decade living and traveling along the Mekong River, and documents a watershed moment of change in one of the most culturally vibrant and biologically important river systems in the world. Get yourself a copy of Brian's book, Last Days of the Mighty Mekong  And check out our recommendations:Brian: Richard Powers' The OverstoryJuliet: Milton Osborne's The Mekong: Turbulent Past, Uncertain Future (see also a review on Brian's blog East by Southeast)

In this episode, Erik talks with the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Fellow at NYU Journalism Institute -  Lili Pike about China's involvement in Cambodia's energy sector, including an incredible story of a private Chinese furniture manufacturer who bought a closed-down 600MW dirty coal plant from a Chinese SOE and is now moving it piece by piece to Cambodia Read Lili's China Dialogue articles here:1. Coal plant deemed too polluting for China heads to Cambodia2. In Cambodia, solar power surgesLili's Recommendations:1. The Belt and Road Podcast - Courtney Weatherby and Mark Grimsditch episodes2. China's Superbank: Debt, Oil and Influence - How China Development Bank is Rewriting the Rules of Finance 3. Under Red Skies: Three Generations of Life, Loss and Hope in China by Karoline KanErik's Recommendations:1. The Musical Instrument Museum in Phoenix, AZ2. The film "Marriage Story" 

More and more countries have signed on to China's Belt and Road Initiative, but "the increase in political partners has not led to a comparable increase in commercial activity." Cecilia Joy Perez discusses contracting amounts of capital invested along the BRI despite expanding formal participation, which she attributes to shrinking foreign exchange reserves and shifts in the sectors most actively targeted by BRI investments. Based on Cecilia's recent article, "The Belt and Road Initiative Adds More Partners, But Beijing Has Fewer Dollars to Spend" in The Jamestown Foundation's China Brief.And check out our recommendations for this week: Cecilia: 1) China Global Investment Tracker 2) Princess Mononoke the film Juliet: "Rare Earth Frontiers" by Julie KlingerErik: 1) Clientelism at work? A case study of Kenyan Standard Gauge Railway project by Yuan Wang & Uwe Wissenbach 2) Parasite the film

Breaking from a dominant focus on national and international scales, Dr. Tim Summers discusses how the Belt and Road works through sub-national institutions, builds upon regional scale development models, and uses provincial trade and political networks within China to expand abroad. Dr. Tim Summers is faculty at the Chinese University of Hong Kong's Centre for China Studies. Check out Tim's articles on the Belt and Road: 1. China’s ‘New Silk Roads’: sub-national regions and networks of global political economy2. The Belt and Road Initiative in Southwest China: responses from Yunnan provinceAnd our recommendations this week: TimYan XueTong's new book, "Leadership and the Rise of Great Powers."Juliet American Factory: a 2019 American documentary film about Chinese company Fuyao’s factory in Moraine, a suburb of Dayton, Ohio, that occupies a shuttered General Motors plant.Also check out Dr. Summers' books: China’s Hong Kong: the Politics of a Global City (2019), China’s Regions in an Era of Globalization (2018) and Yunnan – A Chinese Bridgehead to Asia (2013), and journal articles on subjects including the belt and road initiative (BRI), China’s maritime disputes, China and global governance, and Hong Kong.

On this episode of the Belt and Road Podcast, Erik Myxter-iino speaks with former MacroPolo Summer Associate Lauren Baker - about her article that looks at differing opinions of governmental and non-governmental elite opinion of Chinese investment in Mozambique.  Read Lauren's article "Bridging Perceptions: China in Mozambique " here: https://macropolo.org/analysis/china-mozambique-elite-perceptions/Recommendations: Lauren - The entire MacroPolo website, and subscribe to their newsletter  Erik - MacroPolo's Anecdotes video series 2) Decarbonizing the Belt and Road: A Green Financing Roadmap3) The Farewell 

On episode 19, Dr. Gustavo Oliveira talks about Chinese agribusiness investments in Brazil, the rising importance of the soy trade between the two countries, and the ways domestic and international business interests have fanned the flames of Sinophobia for strategic gains. Dr. Oliveira is a Brazilian scholar and activist and an Assistant Professor of Global & International Studies at University of California, Irvine. Check out Dr. Oliveira's other work on Chinese investments in Brazil and more: http://faculty.sites.uci.edu/oliveira/

In this episode, Erik and Juliet interview Yunnan Chen (PhD candidate at Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies) about two Chinese-built railway projects, one in Kenya and one in Ethiopia. The comparison between the two cases provides reflections on how host countries negotiate over debt funding for infrastructural projects, and the logistical and cultural challenges the developers have faced in getting both projects off the ground. Our discussion draws on Yunnan's recent article in Quartz entitled, "Ethiopia and Kenya are struggling to manage debt for their Chinese-built railways."RecommendationsYunnan"Chinese firms and employment dynamics in Africa: A comparative analysis." By Carlos Oya and Floridian Schaefer. "Wealth from Waste? Chinese Investments and Technology Transfer int he Tanzanian Plastic Recycling Industry." By YingXia. Juliet The Three Body Problem (三体), a novel by Liu Xin which opens during the Cultural Revolution and moves into a period of state promotion of "scientific and technological rejuvenation" through the 1990s. The English translation includes a reflection by Liu Xin on the role of the sci fi genre in stretching societal concepts of the realm of possibility, and the relationship between English and non-English language sci fi writing. Erik "Bridging Perceptions: China in Mozambique." By Lauren Baker.The robots: Erik has a few new robot helpers in his life (alexa + roomba + smart tv) which he gives a shout out to

From Vietnam to Myanmar, how does criticism of Chinese investment serve local politics, and how does it distract from broader environmental struggles? The Belt and Road Podcast's new co-host Juliet Lu welcomes Vanessa Lamb and Nga Dao to discuss anti-Chinese sentiment in the hydropower sectors of Myanmar and Vietnam, highlighting some key contrasts in the histories of Chinese investment in each country and the challenges of anti-hydropower activism across the Mekong Region. Their Paper: Perceptions and practices of investment: China's hydropower investments in Vietnam and MyanmarRecommendations: Nga: The Last Days of the Mighty Mekong by Brian Eyler Vanessa’s own book is just out! Knowing the Salween River: Resource Politics of a Contested Transboundary RiverAnd also: by Shaun Lim, James Sidaway & Chih Yuan Woon “Reordering China, Respacing the World: Belt and Road Initiative (一带一路) as an Emergent Geopolitical Culture”Juliet: Made in China Journal V. 4, Issue 2 (2019) “Under Construction: Visions of Chinese Infrastructure” 

On episode 16 we introduce our new co-host Juliet Lu! Juliet and Erik speak with China Research and Project Leader at the Global Development Policy Center at Boston University - Ma Xinyue about her latest work on the PandaPaw DragonClaw blog “Assessing China’s Most Comprehensive Response to the “debt trap”: the Belt and Road ‘Debt Sustainability Framework’ https://pandapawdragonclaw.blog/2019/07/17/debt-trap-for-whom/ Recommendations: Ma Xinyue Two Articles from Chen Muyang  State Actors, Market Games: Credit Guarantees and the Funding of China Development Bank https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13563467.2019.1613353?af=R&journalCode=cnpe20Official Aid or Export Credit: China’s Policy Banks and the Reshaping of Development Finance http://www.bu.edu/gdp/files/2018/09/GCI-Muyang-Chen-18-int.pdfErik Follow the PandaPaw / DragonClaw Crew Ma Tianjie @TJma_beijing Calvin Quek @clearroads Tom Baxter @tombaxter17  Lizzo’s Tiny Desk Concert https://www.npr.org/2019/07/29/732097345/lizzo-tiny-desk-concertJuliet The Glass Palace: Amitav Ghosh https://www.amazon.com/Glass-Palace-Novel-Amitav-Ghosh/dp/0375758771

On episode 15, Erik Myxter-iino talks with Postdoctoral Fellow at the Global Development and Policy Center at Boston University -  Dr. Rebecca Ray Rebecca was one of the co-authors of a new report published in part by BU’s GDP center - China and the Amazon: Toward a Framework for Maximizing Benefits and Mitigating Risks of Infrastructure Development. linkWe talk about how Chinese developmental finance creates a different type of infrastructure project cycle in Latin America and what that means for local governments, civil society organizations, local populations, and the environment Recommendations: Rebecca: Dialogochino - A website published in English, Spanish and Portuguese  that covers issues related to China, Latin American and the environment Erik The overseas expansion and evolution of Chinese State-owned enterprises by Wendy Leutert on Harvard Fairbank’s blog 2. Daughters - You won’t get what you want 

On this episode, Erik speaks with Michael Boulle - Ph.D. Candidate at the University of Cape Town and Senior Researcher at the Cape Town-based consultancy - Change pathways. We discuss his latest paper - The Hazy Rise of Coal in Kenya: The actors, interests, and discursive contradictions shaping Kenya’s electricity future that is featured in Volume 56 of the Energy Research and Social Science Journal.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214629618307072Recommendations: Michael: On Being with Krista Tippett - Binyavanga Wainaina - The Ethics of Aid: One Kenya’s Perspective Erik: 1)    The China-Nepal Railway: high cost and hidden by Ramesh Bhushal 2)    Mint Condition: How Baseball Cards Became an American ObsessionThanks to Jason MacRonald for his help in editing this episode 

Last month, the international NGO Inclusive Development International released the second version of their Safeguarding People and the Environment in Chinese Investments: A Reference Guide for Advocates. On this episode, I will talk with the lead author of the reference guide - Mark Grimsditch. Mark is the China Global Program Director for Inclusive Development International and has been researching Chinese investments throughout the world for over a decade. We discuss the reference guide, their "following the money" approach and how Chinese firms differ or don't from other countries' firms in building infrastructure and mining internationally. Download the latest Reference guide here Learn more about the Following the Money approach here Recommendations: Mark - 1) The Scramble for China: Foreign Devils in the Qing Empire, 1832-1914 by Robert Bickers 2) Music - specifically taking the time to sit down and listen to an entire record in the way it is supposed to be heard. Specifically John K Samson Erik  -1) Chinese State Owned Enterprises in West Africa: Triple Embedded Globalization by Katy Lamb 2) The music of Scott Walker, in particular, the album Bish Bosch 

On this episode, Erik Myxter-iino has a conversation with Sociology Ph.D. Candidate at Johns Hopkins University Alvin Camba about his soon-to-be-published work - Reexamining China and South-South Relations: Chinese State-backed and Flexible Private Capitals in the Philippines.In it, Alvin analyzes the different types of Chinese capitals and how they interact with different political eras in the Philippines.Recommendations: Alvin - The China Boom: Why China will not rule the World by Ho-fung Hung Erik -  Why is the White House Scuttling its Biggest Development Win? Four Hidden Daggers Pointed at the Heart of the New USDFC by Todd Moss and Erin Collinson 

This week's #beltandroadpod is all about #Kazakhstan - @emyxter spoke with PhD Candidate at Hokkaido University - Assel Bitabarova @BitabarAssel on how Kazakhstan is interacting with the Belt and Road, Chinese financing and construction of Kazakhstani infrastructure, and more.The podcast is based on Assel's latest writing in the Journal of Contemporary East Asian Studies, entitled: Unpacking Sino-Central Asian engagement along the New Silk Road: a case study of Kazakhstan (link) Recommendations:Assel:China's Belt and Road Initiative and its Impact in Central Asia, co-authored by the Central Asia Program at George Washington University and Nazarbayev University, edited by Maurelle Laruelle. Erik: The Specter of Global China: Politics, Labor and Foreign Investment in Africa, by Ching Kwan Lee. 

On the 10th episode of the Belt and Road Podcast, Erik sits down with Dr. Lee Jones to discuss his latest co-authored work with Zeng Jinghan in Third World Quarterly entitled: "Understanding China's Belt and Road Initiative: Beyond 'grand strategy' to a state transformation analysis". Dr. Lee Jones is a Reader in international politics in the School of Politics and International Relations at Queen Mary, University of London, and a Research Associate at the Asia Research Centre of Murdoch University in Perth, Australia. He specializes in the study of political economy, social conflict, state transformation and security in the global south, particularly in East Asia. Recommendations: Dr. Lee Jones - Fragmentation and Mobilization: Domestic Politics of the Belt and Road Initiative in China by Min Ye Follow Dr. Lee Jones on @drleejonesErik - In a honestly uncoordinated fashion also recommended Fragmentation and Mobilization: Domestic Politics of the Belt and Road Initiative in China by Min Ye Follow on twitter @beltandroadpod  Also the films that were snubbed by the Oscars     First Reformed and Hereditary (Toni Collette's performance)

On this episode Courtney Weatherby - a research analyst with the Stimson Center’s Southeast Asia and Energy, Water, & Sustainability programs - discusses the different push and pull factors that have made China become involved with nearly a quarter of all energy projects in SE Asia, including an estimated 43% of all coal projects. Furthermore we look at what China and ASEAN countries can do to successfully transition to cheaper and more sustainable wind and solar projects. Podcast based on her article: It's Decision Time for Southeast Asia as Power Demand SoarsRecommendations: Courtney - The Last Days of the Mighty Mekong by Brian Eyler  Erik - 'China's World Bank' is Making it Easier to Complain - Lili Pike The entire website www.chinadialogue.net 

2018 saw the creation of two new high-profile development finance agencies. In China there was the creation of the China International Development Cooperation Agency, and in America the International Finance Development Corporation. On this episode, I speak with UPenn Ph.D. student Scott Wingo about his latest article “Too Much Risk or Not Enough? New Development Finance Agencies in China and the United States” that was featured in the Center for Advanced China Research’s blog. In our discussion, we talk about the domestic political economies that spawned these agencies and their ability or inability to carry out their assigned goals. Recommendations:Scott: Reports of Belt and Road’s Death Are Greatly Exaggerated, by Nadège Rolland. Erik: The dual role of cadres and entrepreneurs in China: The Evolution of Managerial leadership in State-Monopolized Industries by Chih-shian Liou, Chung-ming Tsai Also, visit St. Petersburg, Florida. It’s an amazing progressive, artistic city that’s between two bodies of water on a Peninsula. Cheap flights on Allegiant Air or Spirit airlines make for a perfect weekend getaway during this dreary winter 

On this episode Juliet Lu - Ph.D Candidate in the department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management at UC Berkeley -  is on the show to talk about her recent research on Chinese SOE and private firm land investment in Northern Laos. Our discussion stems from her years of extensive fieldwork in Northern Laos talking with Chinese investors, Laotian officials and locals on their experience with land investments. Juliet has published multiple articles on the subject but this episode focuses mainly on her 2017 Journal of Territory, Politics and Governance article co-authored with Oliver Schonweger entitled - Great Expectations: Chinese investment in Laos and the myth of empty land. Recommendations:Juliet: The Specter of Global China: Politics, Labor, and Foreign Investment in Africa by Ching Kwan Lee, and Why is everyone so busy? - In search of lost time a 2014 article in The Economist on free time and why there seems to be so little of it. Erik: Venezuela and China: A Perfect Storm by Matt Ferchen, an article by Nonresident Scholar  @MattFerchen of the Carnegie-Tsinghua Center for Global Policy. Erik's second recommendation: Adopt an animal.

On this episode I interview Charles Stevens, who as part of the New Silk Road Project (www.newsilkroadproject.com) traveled over 10,000 miles on the "Silk Road Economic Belt" in a Jeep. Along the way he interviewed different local and Chinese stakeholders who are building, analyzing and using the new Chinese financed and built infrastructure. If you are looking for more on-the-ground stories of what is happening along the Belt, this episode is for you. Charles' recommendations: 1) China Steps Out: Beijing's Major Power Engagement with the Developing World  - edited by Joshua Eisenman and Eric Heginbotham https://www.routledge.com/China-Steps-Out-Beijings-Major-Power-Engagement-with-the-Developing-World/Eisenman-Heginbotham/p/book/97811382029312) The Silk Roads: A New History of the World by Peter Frankopan https://www.amazon.com/Silk-Roads-New-History-World-ebook/dp/B00XST7IX2Erik's recommendation: Anything written by Hannah Ryder twitter: @hmryder Specifically "My New Year's Resolution: Why I'm Banning "The West" https://developmentreimagined.com/2019/01/14/my-new-years-resolution-why-im-banning-the-west/Follow what Charles and the New Silk Road Project are doing @onebeltprojectFollow the latest news, research and analysis @beltandroadpod 

On this episode, Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies master student Nicholas Lo talks about his field work that looked at Chinese infrastructure and natural resource investments in Myanmar, and how Chinese capital can bring specific challenges and some potential gains, to creating sustainable development outcomes in the country. This episode is based on Nicholas' article for the Beijing-based NGO Global Environmental Institute http://www.geichina.org/en/challenges-of-greening-the-belt-and-road-myanmar-case-study/Erik's Recommendation:China Challenges Global Governance? The Case of Chinese International Development Finance and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank https://www.chathamhouse.org/publication/ia/china-challenges-global-governance-case-chinese-international-development-finance-andNick's recommendation:Burma: Insurgency and the Politics of Ethnicity by Martin Smithhttps://www.goodreads.com/book/show/1649910.Burma

This episode features the dynamic researcher from the Centre for Development and the Environment at the University of Oslo - Ulrikke Wethal The topic of discussion comes from her latest article:Beyond the China Factor: Challenges to backwards linkages in the Mozambican construction sector from the June 2018 edition of the Journal of Modern African Studies Recommendations: Ulrikke: 1) Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies - China-Africa Research Initiative Data 2) Belt and Road Music Video Erik: 1) IIED's new documentary short on Mr. Forest, a Chinese investor who is working to bring sustainable forest management to Mozambique 

In our third episode, I am excited to feature international development consultant Xiao'Ou Zhu. Before every newspaper was using the Hambantota Port as the fearful case of China using "debt diplomacy" Xiao'Ou was doing the on-the-ground fieldwork using China Harbour's Engineering Group's role in the creation of the port as a case showing how important Chinese State Owned Enterprises are in Belt and Road Countries and how many BRI projects are really a bottom-up phenomenon rather than the often reported top-down projects. Recommendations: Xiao'Ou Zhu: Read anything about the 1952 Rice-Rubber Agreement Erik: From Impediment to Adaptation: Chinese Investments in Myanmar's New Regulatory Environment" by Siusue Mark and Youyi Zhang in Journal of Current SE Asian Affairs 2/2017 71-100

On our second episode Tom Baxter - who works in communications and focuses on the environmental impacts of Belt and Road investments at Greenpeace East Asia in Beijing - talks about his latest article for the blog Panda Paw Dragon Claw “Zooming in, Zooming out: the Frames Through Which Western Media See Belt and Road” https://pandapawdragonclaw.blog/2018/07/27/zooming-in-zooming-out-the-frames-through-which-western-media-see-belt-and-road/ 

On the inaugural episode of The Belt and Road Podcast, host Erik Myxter-iino brings on Emily Weinstein, a research analyst at Pointe Bellow. Emily talks about her piece featured on the Jamestown Foundation's website "The Belt and Road Initiative: A road to China's World Cup Dreams?" which talks about the BRI and its relation to Sports Tourism and the World CupEmily's Recommendation: The China Soccer Observatory www.nottingham.ac.uk/asiaresearch/p…cso/index.aspxEmily's article: jamestown.org/program/the-belt-a…-world-cup-dreams/Follow the Belt and Road Podcast twitter: @beltandroadpod facebook: www.facebook.com/beltandroadpod